'Though this be madness, yet there is method in't': A counterfactual analysis of Richard Wagner's 'Tannhäuser'

Author(s)
Wieland Müller, Ilias Chrissochoidis, Heike Hamgart, Steffen Huck
Abstract

The eponymous hero of Wagner’s Tannhäuser treads a path of stark contrasts and rapid swings that culminate in the opera’s central episode, the song contest at Wartburg. Instead of securing his reintegration within the court with a brilliant performance, Tannhäuser spoils the event with insolent remarks and the exhibitionist disclosure of his Venusberg experience. His behaviour offends his peers, scandalizes the court, breaks Elisabeth’s heart, and brings him to the edge of death. Why would he sacrifice everything for nothing? Existing interpretations of Wagner’s Tannhäuser blame either the hero’s flaws or the young composer’s unconvincing dramaturgy, and take for granted Tannhäuser’s hyper-emotional impulsive nature. This essay offers a radically new perspective on the opera by drawing on game theory, the dominant methodology in the social sciences. Through a detailed analysis of the hero’s decision-making, it argues that his seemingly irrational behaviour is actually consistent with a strategy of redemption. Musical evidence in the score indeed suggests that Tannhäuser may have consciously disrupted the contest, knowing that only a public disclosure of his sinful past can force him to make the pilgrimage to Rome and secure a permanent union with Elizabeth.

© The Author (2014). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Organisation(s)
Department of Economics, Vienna Center for Experimental Economics
External organisation(s)
Stanford University, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Center for Civil Society Research
Journal
Music & Letters
Volume
95
Pages
584 - 602
No. of pages
19
ISSN
0027-4224
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/gcu081
Publication date
11-2014
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
502045 Behavioural economics
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Music
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/7649139b-933b-4fee-a6d9-6157507ef2da